Use formal titles and honorifics when addressing people, especially older adults, professionals, and anyone you do not know well; common forms include
Bapak for men and
Ibu for women, often followed by a first name or job title. In everyday conversation Indonesians tend to avoid first-name-only address until a relationship is established, and in more traditional settings people may also use kinship terms like Mas, Mbak, or Pak/Bu to show respect and warmth.